Physical Hazard（物理危险因素）

A physical hazard is a tangible or material condition that increases the likelihood or severity of a loss. It refers to a characteristic of a person, property, or environment that makes a loss more likely to occur.

Definition

A physical hazard is a physical condition that increases the chance or seriousness of a loss.

Examples of Physical Hazards

1. Icy Sidewalks

Increase the chance of slips and falls.
May lead to bodily injury claims.

2. Worn or Faulty Electrical Wiring

Creates a higher risk of fire.
Common concern in property insurance.

3. Smoking in Bed

Increases the likelihood of a house fire.
Makes a loss more probable.

Other Examples

Old or leaking roofs
Poor lighting in stairways
Defective machinery
Storing gasoline near heat sources
Having a swimming pool on the property

Physical Hazard vs. Moral Hazard

Physical Hazard	Moral Hazard
Physical condition	Attitude or dishonesty
Tangible and visible	Psychological or behavioral
Example: icy driveway	Example: submitting a fraudulent claim
Increases chance of loss	Increases frequency or severity of claims

RIBO Exam Memory Tip

Physical Hazard = Something you can see or touch that increases the chance of loss.

Three examples:

Icy sidewalks
Faulty electrical wiring
Defective machinery (or smoking in bed)

These are common examples used in RIBO Level 1 and other insurance examinations.

3️⃣ 高频考点对比表（必背）

项目	Covered / Not Covered	关键词
Hot water heater sudden break	✔ Covered	sudden, accidental
Boiler sudden failure	✔ Covered	mechanical breakdown
Water hammer damage	❌ Not covered	pressure shock
Frozen pipe (neglect)	❌ Not covered	lack of heat
Slow leak	❌ Not covered	gradual
Corrosion/rust	❌ Not covered	deterioration

🎯 RIBO 考试陷阱总结

🚨 三大“不保”关键词

Gradual / Maintenance / Pressure shock

记住：

Gradual = ❌ 不保
Maintenance issue = ❌ 不保
Water hammer = ❌ 不保

🧩 超级记忆口诀（考场秒选）

Sudden = Yes ✔
Slow = No ❌
Neglect = No ❌
Pressure shock = No ❌

Tag: 物理危险因素

保险知识：Physical Hazard（物理危险因素）